Media Essays Magazines Men Women

Media Essays Magazines Men Wo handsMagazines Men WomenLiterature Re spateMany scholars have argued the media play an increasingly substitution role deep d receive contemporary society, and the shaping of identities (Holmes, 2007 McRobbie, 2000). Kellner (1994, cited in Durham, 1995, p.2) argues the media provide individuals with the materials to forge their identity and sense of egohood including our notions of priapic and pistillate and what it means to be good or bad.As a medium, cartridge holders have not been studied in as much depth as newspapers, television and radio. However they atomic number 18 still an beta cultural tool and a valuable medium to theater of operations, with a unique function to bring high-value interpretative information to specifically defined, yet national audiences (Abrahamson, 1996, cited in Holmes, 2007, p.511).The analytic thinking of figures at bottom magazines is a valid centering of resumeing gender roles and relations concord to But ler and Paisley (1980, p.49). They argue images formed from mediated precepts become infract of a viewers conception of themselves. Vigorito and Curry (1998, p. 136) point out that popular culture is increasingly visual, and that magazine pictures carry signifi bottomt messages close cultural norms and values, including the norms of gender relations.In a meditate of the pictorial images featured in Playboy and Cosmopolitan, Krassas et al (2001, p.752) argue that images within magazines have a demonstrable effect on how we think about ourselves, and that they explicitly advise the reader about how to look and act. The following study that is predominantly image-based analysis is therefore a legitimate and valid way of studying the sample material.Research into masculinity and male depiction within womens magazines has been scarce according to many scholars (Holmes, 2007 Farvid and von Braun, 2006 Vigorito and Curry, 1998), with most research tensenessed on the social bring to pa ssion of femininity (Vigorito and Curry, 1998, p.135). However, with an established theory that identifies gender as a social construct that defines masculinity as historically re spry to changing definitions of femininity (Kimmel, 1995, p.14), the study of the representation of men and their roles within womens magazines has become increasingly significant. As Farvid and Braun (2006) explainThe focus on men is particularly relevant because, in a heteronormative world, male and young-bearing(prenominal) conjureualities argon constructed simultaneously. Therefore, although previous examination of femininity/ feminine gender in magazines have been useful, they are only partially complete, as female (hetero)sexuality is also constructed through the magazines account of male (hetero)sexuality (p.298).The following study interested with the sexual representation of men in contemporary womens magazines is therefore pertinent to existing theory. As the majority of studies are also Ameri can and at least five years old, there is entirelyification for a contemporary, English study on the sexual presentation of men in womens magazines.In his observation of womens magazines, Gauntlett (2002, p.51) notes that the changes in content coincide with societal changes in gender relations. The 1940s and 1950s saw the emphasis was centred on a domestic simpering housewife, that saw education and careers as the masculinisation of women. The 1960s saw the sexual revolution that marked the seeds of change within society and womens magazines. From this season the sexual longings of all women including the respectable and the unmarried, could openly be acknowledged and discussed (Wouters 1998, p.188). In the 1970s and 1980s magazines continued to change, to account for women and their changing positions within society (Gauntlett 2002, p.52).Attwood (2004, p.15) argues since the nineties popular media has depicted new sexualities, which break existing norms of feminine behaviour by addressing women as knowing and lustful. McNair (2002, p.88) has also noted that we increasingly brood in a striptease culture that is focused on sexual confession and self-revelation, that manifests itself within print media. On a broad level, the following study is concerned with how this emerging sexual discourse within the media and society is manifested within womens magazines. on base changing societal values and morals, there are infrangible arguments suggesting the content of womens magazines can be directly influenced by the interests of advertisers. In the relentless search for new markets by advertisers, erotic images of men are designed to appeal to some(prenominal) liberated women as advantageously as the new male consumer (Rohlinger, 2002, p.61). In the 1990s, rumours circulated that womens magazine Company, had found a sales mandate relating to circulation figures with the number of times the word sex appeared on the cover lines (Gough-Yates, 2003, p.139). Con sumers that buy young womens magazines also have the most desirable demographic to advertisers young, single, employed, well educated and urban and are the most likely to buy a magazine for its coverage of sex (Rohlinger, 2002, p.61).There is a general cartel that the content of womens magazines has reached a sexual peak in todays society. Sex sets the t cardinal, defines the pace, and shapes the whole environment of womens magazines (McRobbie, 1996, p.177). There is currently a lust revival, an acceleration in the emancipation of sexuality (Wouters, 1998, p.200). Winship (2000, p.43) argues sexual discourse, which was once a cliquish dialogue, has been re-positioned in a public space, moving it from a private to a public discourse. Attwood (2004, p.15) supports this idea, arguing that sexy images have become the currency of the day.Not only has the sheer volume of sexual coverage change magnitude dramatically, Scott (1985, p. 387) points out that there has also been a complete liberalisation of the treatment of sex within womens magazines. Sexuality has replaced romance as the ideologic focus with a more pronounced emphasis on strong, frank, and explicitly sexual representations (McRobbie, 1996, p.192).With sexuality replacing romance as the ideological focus of womens magazines, Giddens (1992, p.1-2) argues sexuality has been released from the confines of a heterosexual, monogamous, procreative hegemony and has been replaced with sexual pluralism, a sexual identity defined and structured by individual choice. This individual choice and sexual pluralism can be seen within the pages of womens magazines as young women are actively encouraged to be sexual actors, even predators in their search for sex (Gauntlett, 2002, p.206).Gauntlett (2002, p.97) supports Giddens arguments for a post-traditional society, referring to the increased levels of divorce and separation as individuals move from one relationship to another. Furthermore, Wouters (1998, p.208) a rgues there is now a sexualisation of love and an eroticisation of sex.With the liberalisation of womens magazines in favour of a more sexually confident standpoint, debates surround the change in attitude and treatment towards men in favour of an objectified, sexist approach. Men, it has been argued, are no longer tough with respect but could be seen as inadequate, or the butt of jokes (Gauntlett, 2002, p.53). As Wolf (1994) explainsMale sexuality, once cloaked in prohibitions that kept women from making comparisons, is under scrutiny, and the secrets of male virility are on display (p.24).After years of women complaining about the objectification of their bodies, the male body was on display cut up, close up and oh so tastefully lit (Moore, 1988, p.45). As womens magazines became more sexual, the availability of mens bodies as sex objects became central to this emergent discourse (Ticknell et al, 2003, p.54).Counter to the argument of womens magazines as a stage for demeaning and objectifying men, is the admittance this it is something mens magazines have been doing for decades, and since both sexes chooses to do so it probably doesnt matter in sexism terms (Gauntlett, 2002, p.174).Womens magazines also do not treat men as just bodies or sex machines all the time they are also presented as thoughtful, emotional beings (Gauntlett, 2002, p.188).Additionally, it could be argued that far from being an emergent discourse, the male appearance has been visible(prenominal) for the viewing pleasure of women for centuries. In the nineteenth century, a mans physical appearance was taken as a sign of intelligence and morality, and women were invited to view mens bodies as a sign of their superiority and harmony (Stern, 2003, p.220).Despite evidence to suggest it is not a valid criticism that womens magazines objectify men the viewing of mens bodies in todays society is done so in a mainstream context, using mechanisms historically associated purely with men and how th ey look at women, signalling that, for the first time, erotic spectacles had crossed gender boundaries (Moore, 1988, p. 47).Laura Mulvey, in her essay Visual Pleasure and Narrative movie theatre (1975), first introduced the idea of the male gaze Mulvey argued that mainstream Hollywood cinema primarily sets out to satisfy the unconscious desires of men. She argued that male characters do most of the looking within films, making them the (active) subjects, and female characters are looked at, making them the (passive) objects.Male spectators identify with the male protagonist, and female spectators, Mulvey says, are also compelled to take the viewpoint of the central male character, denying women of their own perspective. A temporary masculinisation is the only way Mulvey can offer pleasure for the women viewer. And while the male hero in the film cannot be viewed as a sexual object, according to the principles of the ruling ideology, he can be admired by men narcissistically as an i deal version of the self (1975, p.14).Perhaps the biggest problem with Mulveys argument is the denial of a female gaze (Gauntlett, 2002, p.39). As Moore points out,To suggest that women actually look at mens bodies is apparently to stumble into a theoretical minefield which holds sacred the idea that in the dominant media the look is always already structured as male. (Moore, 1988, p.45).Support for Mulveys masculinised female viewing is found in Krassas et als (2001) comparative study of gender roles in Cosmopolitan and Playboy. The study concluded that both magazines reflected the male gaze, regardless of audience, because both portrayed women as sex objects and the main concept within both was the idea of women attracting and sexually satisfying men.Additionally, if gaze behaviour is characterised by the viewing of a passive object, Schauer (2005, p.57) argues men are often pictured in traditional roles with power tools, hammers, army uniforms and so on, to show a betrothal in a n activity as a strategy to offset the passivity of being looked at. If this is the case, Mulveys framework of the gaze cannot be applied to women.However, since their earliest days, movies have included and celebrated attractive men whose sexual magnetism has no doubt drawn women into cinemas (Gauntlett, 2002, p.39). Since Mulveys argument, various writers have argued for the inclusion of the female spectator within the framework of the gaze and Gauntlett describes Mulveys argument as untenable (2002, p.39).Van Zoonen (1994, p.97) argues Mulveys analysis of patriarchal cinema is dark and kill, which has lost ground to an alternative more confident and empowering approach to female spectatorship that allows a subversive way of viewing the texts. Moore (1988, p.59) also makes the case for a female gaze, arguing that it does not s require replicate a monolithic and masculinised stare, but instead involves a whole variety of looks and glances an interplay of possibilities.Attwood (2 004, p.15) argues that in todays society, objectification is a necessary precondiction for erotic gazing in a narcissistic culture where the body is widely represented as an object for display. In this climate, there is a strong encouragement for a female gaze and the creation of a space for male narcissism (MacKinnon, 1997, p.190). Therefore, securing the gaze of others connotes desirability and self-importance for both women and men (Attwood, 2004, p.15). It could be argued therefore, that womens magazines may provide a stage for the objectification of men which in a narcissistic culture is both inevitable and desirable.The following study is concerned with whether there is evidence of a female gaze within womens magazines that fits within Mulveys framework of gaze. Thus, whether men are actively viewed by women as passive objects. Furthermore, Mulvey points out that the appearance of women are often coded for strong visual and erotic impact, so that they can be said to connote to -be-looked-at-ness (1989, p.10). This instalment will be analysed in the examination of the images of men within the three chosen magazines to discover if men display the same visual codes and therefore imply they are receiving a female gaze.The growing preoccupation with sex and male bodies within womens magazines has come under much debate by theorists, with one of the most passionately critical arguing they are morally reprehensible, offering a depressing portrait of the modern British woman (Anderrson and Mosbacher, 1997, p.18). Women were described as dishonest and crude, with no moral standard at all (p.56).Women can be, once corrupted, both more disgusting and degraded than men. As Shakespeare said, Lilies that fester timber far worse than weeds. (Burrows in Anderrson and Mosbacher, 1997, p.57)Despite the passionate and dramatic way the report denounced the content of womens magazines and their sexual content, the arguments put forward were mark as outdated and rigid, with the overwhelming consensus agreeing that the liberalisation and sexualisation of magazines were, although not perfect, a good and liberating thing nonetheless.Magazines borrow from feminist discourse, which imply to their readership a genuine commitment to the equation of men and women in their sexual worth (Tyler, 2004, p.96). The depictions of female sexuality are an empowered one, as there are representations of young women as sexually active and independent with the right to desire sex and receive sexual pleasure. The magazines can therefore be seen as sexually liberating and offering an image of sexual room for women (Farvid and Braun, 2006, p.299).The main elements and issues covered by womens magazines all figure high in the feminist agenda, and confirm that womens magazines strive to provide an image of equality (McRobbie, 1999, p.57).Others argue however, that regardless of the emergent sexual discourse which implies womens magazines provide a feminist message for readers the obsession with men in the magazines reinforce an earlier notion that believes men are the route to happiness, and in reinforcing this attitude, they are legitimising and naturalising patriarchal domination (Farvid and Braun, 2006, p.296).The ideological underpinnings conform to rigid and traditional norms. These constructions position women as objects of male desire and underscore womens subordinate position in contemporary society (Durham, 1995, p.18).Furthermore, it has been argued that womens magazines use sex as a faade to represent women as dangerous and daring through sex when in fact, the sexual acts represented are only mildly transgressive, and are actually based on traditional gender roles (Machin and Thornborrow, 2003, p.455).The theory of womens magazines presenting traditional and stereotypical gender roles in the subtle undertones of the magazines, mirrors the opinion theorists mat up about womens magazines in the 1940s and 1950s that they projected the image of a simpering housewife. Admittedly the appropriate roles for men and women were referred to more explicitly in those times, however it still implies that both present essentially the same message that men are the route to happiness (Klassen et al, 1993).Goffmans (1979) study into gender stereotypes within advertisements commented on how different poses portray messages about masculinity and femininity. He found that women were often portrayed in very stereotypical ways, much(prenominal) as in submissive or family roles and in lower physical and social positions than men (Baker, 2005, p.14). A number of theorists adopted his methods for analysing magazine images, all of which back up his findings that gender is stereotyped within images with women portrayed as submissive and passive, and men as dominant and superior (Kang, 1997 Klassen et al, 1993 Krassas et al, 2001 Vigorito and Curry, 1998).Similarly, Kim and Ward (2004, p.48-49) argue that womens magazines skew the word picture of males and females to their target audience so that editors, writers and advertisers can take advantage of gender myths and fears.In contrast to this traditional view of gender is McRobbies (1999, p.50) argument that it is falsely assumed the ideology of the magazines will be absorbed in a direct way by readers. Hermes (1995, p.148) supports this argument suggesting that readers only assort with part of what a magazine is saying, and cultural studies makes the mistake of assuming that texts are always significant.Additionally Gauntlett (2002, p.207) points out that the encouragement of women to be active in their search for sex is a rejection of passive femininity, and is feminist progress. He adds that while womens magazines may have a large rest of content concerned with finding the right man, women are aggressively seeking out partners rather than waiting for a nice husband to come along (p.191). He therefore rejects the idea of women being presented as passive, subservient beings which is a traditional notion of femininity.The presence of men as objects to be viewed by women is in itself also a way in which traditional gender ideologies is subverted within the magazines. This approach to men is traditionally only associated with the way men have treated women (Gauntlett, 1999, p.188).Though there are convincing arguments for both sides of the argument that womens magazines either present a feminist message, or a traditional ideological message, most scholars agree womens magazines do not construct a single mythic meaning of feminine identity, or present one ideological position for their readers. Instead, the discourses of womens magazines are mixed, somewhat contradictory (Bignell, 1997, p.56-57).The oppositional arguments surrounding the extent to which gender is presented within womens magazines leads McRobbie (1994, p.163) to believe there are spaces for negotiation within womens magazines, and that they bring half a feminist message to women that would not otherwise receive it.In support of this, Hollows (2000, p.195) argues the feminist messages that are within womens magazines produce spaces where meanings can be contested, with results that might not be free of contradictions, but which do signify shifts in regimes of representation.Within the following study I wish to identify to what extent gender is portrayed as stereotypical and traditional, and how this is negotiated within the emergent sexual discourse of the magazines, specifically in the objectification of men. Alongside this aim, I also wish to identify whether there is evidence of a female gaze in which men are presented in a way that implies they will receive an active sexual objectifying gaze.

Marketing Essay -- Business, Customer Satisfaction

This essay is a critical literature review of Relationship Marketing in relation to customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and technology. In this review, I will provide a brief orientation of relationship market identify the benefits of relationship marketing for companies and customers and critically analyse the concept of RM with regards to customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and analyse the role of technology in relationship marketing. Leahy (2011651) defined relationship marketing as attracting and keeping customers for a long period of time. RM is used by firms to change consumer attitudes and increase the frequency of purchase in a business using marketing techniques such as promotions and advertising. According to Ndubisi and Chan (2005), relationship marketing provides an government activity the opportunity to get access to the right information about their customers, meet the customers needs effectively, expeditiously and gain competitive advantage. In addition, Gr onroos (19949) suggests that relationship marketing is a new model in marketing and its about organisation establishing, maintain and elicit relationships with customers at a profit so that objectives of the parties involved are met. This is achieved by mutual exchange and the fulfilment of promises. Promises may be made by the follow to their customers yet, what remains to be seen are if the promises are fulfilled or ultimately broken. Szmigin et al. (2005) argues that due to the vast presence of relationship marketing in several industries, it shadower be difficult defining relationship marketing that accommodates all the relationships. Ravald and Gronroos (1996) argue that relationship marketing is not restricted to the firm maintaining a well-nigh relat... ...ting is really important for the success of an organisation as reflected in the multiple definitions above. It is beneficial to both the company and their customers and when utilised responsibly, a great symbiosis rel ationship is established. The psychoanalysis of customer satisfaction resulting in increased customer loyalty has been carried out and the contribution of increased customer loyalty resulting in high profitability for the organisation has been highlighted. The role of technology in relationship marketing has been scrutinised leading to the research question stated above i.e. to what extent does technology foster a close relationship between an organisation and its customers. For further research, it would be advisable to explore this area in more depth so organisations can acquire the exploit output when using technology as a means of relationship marketing.

Awakening the Woman Inside Essay -- Literary Analysis

In the late 1800s, a crusade began that campaigned for the rights of women across America the womens rightist Movement. Using this movement as inspiration, Kate Chopin bewitches her primarily female readers with a writing style that emphasizes the importance of emotion and encourages the independence of women in a world reign by men. In her novel, The Awakening, Chopin flawlessly illustrates the radical yet alluring character transformation of her protagonist, Edna Pontellier, as she struggles to surmount marital and societal conflict in the hopes of cosmos reborn.To fully grasp The Awakening, it is important to understand both into the life of Kate Chopin and the time period in which it was published. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Chopin was raised by her mothers extended French family after her fathers death in a train accident. Her great grandmother expressed a special captivation with Kates advancement into womanhood and ensured that Kate understood how womens lives were spli t between responsibility and desire and the significance of women being independent (Toth 13, 15). These lessons were not lost on Kate, and they materialize throughout her writing which focuses on the struggles of women in a world rule by men. When The Awakening was being written, the womens rightist movement was just beginning, and some female authors were writing pieces about the improvement of womens social conditions however, unlike these women, Chopin did not limit her exploration of freedom to physical emancipation, but also keen autonomy (Guernsey 46). It was this exploration of womens independence which created turbulence in the literary community when The Awakening was published in 1899. Unfortunately, Chopin was ahead of her time, ... ...Chopins character, Edna Pontellier, serves as a reminder that if a suburban housewife can seize and transform her destiny so too can the rest of womankind.Works CitedChopin, Kate. The Awakening. The Heath Anthology of American Literat ure. Vol. C. N.p.Wadsworth, 2010. 425-515. Print.Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. New York Dover Publications, Inc., 1993. Print.Golding, William. Kate Chopin, Modern Critical Views. New York Chelsea House Publishers,1987. Print.Guernsey, JoAnn Bren. Voices of Feminism Past, Present, and Future. Minneapolis, MNLerner Publications, 1996. Print.Jones, Suzanne W. Place, Perception, and Identity in the Awakening. Perspectives on KateChopin. Natchitoches, Louisiana Northwestern State University Press, 1990. 59-74. Print.Toth, Emily. presentation Kate Chopin. Jackson University Press of Mississippi, 1999. Print. Awakening the Woman Inside Essay -- Literary Analysis In the late 1800s, a crusade began that campaigned for the rights of women across America the Feminist Movement. Using this movement as inspiration, Kate Chopin bewitches her primarily female readers with a writing style that emphasizes the importance of emotion and encourages the independence of women in a world d ominated by men. In her novel, The Awakening, Chopin flawlessly illustrates the radical yet alluring character transformation of her protagonist, Edna Pontellier, as she struggles to surmount marital and societal conflict in the hopes of being reborn.To fully grasp The Awakening, it is important to understand both into the life of Kate Chopin and the time period in which it was published. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Chopin was raised by her mothers extended French family after her fathers death in a train accident. Her great grandmother expressed a special bewitchment with Kates advancement into womanhood and ensured that Kate understood how womens lives were split between responsibility and desire and the significance of women being independent (Toth 13, 15). These lessons were not lost on Kate, and they materialize throughout her writing which focuses on the struggles of women in a world dominated by men. When The Awakening was being written, the Feminist movement was just begin ning, and umpteen female authors were writing pieces about the improvement of womens social conditions however, unlike these women, Chopin did not limit her exploration of freedom to physical emancipation, but also ingenious autonomy (Guernsey 46). It was this exploration of womens independence which created turbulence in the literary community when The Awakening was published in 1899. Unfortunately, Chopin was ahead of her time, ... ...Chopins character, Edna Pontellier, serves as a reminder that if a suburban housewife can seize and transform her destiny so too can the rest of womankind.Works CitedChopin, Kate. The Awakening. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Vol. C. N.p.Wadsworth, 2010. 425-515. Print.Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. New York Dover Publications, Inc., 1993. Print.Golding, William. Kate Chopin, Modern Critical Views. New York Chelsea House Publishers,1987. Print.Guernsey, JoAnn Bren. Voices of Feminism Past, Present, and Future. Minneapolis, MNLerner Publ ications, 1996. Print.Jones, Suzanne W. Place, Perception, and Identity in the Awakening. Perspectives on KateChopin. Natchitoches, Louisiana Northwestern State University Press, 1990. 59-74. Print.Toth, Emily. introduction Kate Chopin. Jackson University Press of Mississippi, 1999. Print.

Reflection Essay :: Reflection Essay

Much like Benjamin Franklin believed, I feel that a some iodin should take reinforcement of the time the person has in career with activities a person wants to do or needs to do. A person should not eliminate much time on activities the person does not want to do. Life is way too short to concern oneself with work or other activities one wants nothing to do with all the time. When possible, I try to forget about my responsibility and just let go of the things that do not matter to me. I think a person should try to occupy oneself with something productive, worthwhile, or necessary at all times. Even though a persons life is left up to a person to live, I cannot imagine thinking that I owe my time to society through working a gambol that I simply despise. I am a compassionate person, but I do not owe anyone anything regarding my time.Taking advantage of life, what could that possibly have in mind? Well, there are certain activities I would like to take part in before I can no l onger do them. I very seldom make idle promises, and I even more seldom tell hollow promises to myself. I am going to have the outgo possible time I can in accordance to my desires and no one elses. I have already made up my mind that I want to work towards starting a musical band therefore, one can be sure I am going to take advantage of the chance and opportunity I have to accomplish it. I also have certain places I want to go or perhaps activities I want to do before my time is up. I have made it up in my mind that I am going to travel to contrasting parts of the world to see places roughly people will not, or perhaps some places that most people do not even have it away exist. I am going to make an attempt to do some extreme activities in an attempt to arrive life from another angle. Again, an angle most people just do not see, an angle hopefully a little too far off a tangent the average person. To experience life and take advantage of it, one needs to make promises to one self. A person may wonder, How am I supposed to do this? How can I possibly accomplish anything I want to do?

Using Technology Supported Learning Essay -- Education, Eatwell Plate

exploitation Technology Supported LearningThe selected topic chosen for the technology supported attainment software product, supports the learning and disciplineing of goodly eating. I decided to create an interactive self-assessed food stems package that blends into a lesson on healthy eating. Healthy eating feeds into a forget me drug of the courses I teach food and nutrition, childc are, personal development and food safety and I wanted to find a different way of making the lesson enkindle and informative for my students and myself and at the same time introducing the students to information learning technology, self-directed study and estimate.The target audience were a group of female students attending a local for certain Start Childrens Centre. There are seven students on this course and they have had a mixture of formal education, and some training provided by the Childrens Centre some(prenominal) have had very negative experiences at school, and four of the you nger students have left school with no GCSEs. All the female students are unemployed cardinal are single mothers, and one is married. These students have been encouraged by their family support worker to attend this course so motivation could be a business as their confidence levels vary and for three of the seven learners, this is the first time they have taken a formal qualification since going away school. At the scrape of the course all students were assessed for literacy there are five at Entry Level 3 and two at Level 1. The group have withal been assessed for learning styles, two are kinaesthetic, two are visual, and three are aural oriented learners. A basic computer skills assessment was also carried turn up and all the students have communicated that they are able to use a computer, navigate... ... to produce 10 CDs the cost incurred was 266.49 which makes this an expensive resource to produce on a miniature scale. The modifications required to improve the re source package, could be completed in minimal time and negotiating a deal on having the package reproduced on a large scale will reduce the cost. The benefit as a teaching and learning resource allows the students to complete independent study at their own pace, using a technology that they may not have regular access too it provides the teacher with an innovated way to communicate this subject. Vygotsky (1978) zone of proximal development, suggests learners can exhibit and achieve their optimal potential when given some assistance cited in (Lajoie 2007 p. 29). I feel that the benefits out way the costs of producing this package and the feedback from the students would support this. Using Technology Supported Learning Essay -- Education, Eatwell PlateUsing Technology Supported LearningThe selected topic chosen for the technology supported learning package, supports the learning and teaching of healthy eating. I decided to create an interactive self-assessed fo od groups package that blends into a lesson on healthy eating. Healthy eating feeds into a lot of the courses I teach food and nutrition, childcare, personal development and food safety and I wanted to find a different way of making the lesson interesting and informative for my students and myself and at the same time introducing the students to information learning technology, self-directed study and assessment.The target audience were a group of female students attending a local Sure Start Childrens Centre. There are seven students on this course and they have had a mixture of formal education, and some training provided by the Childrens Centre several have had very negative experiences at school, and four of the younger students have left school with no GCSEs. All the female students are unemployed six are single mothers, and one is married. These students have been encouraged by their family support worker to attend this course so motivation could be a problem as their confi dence levels vary and for three of the seven learners, this is the first time they have taken a formal qualification since leaving school. At the start of the course all students were assessed for literacy there are five at Entry Level 3 and two at Level 1. The group have also been assessed for learning styles, two are kinaesthetic, two are visual, and three are aural oriented learners. A basic computer skills assessment was also carried out and all the students have communicated that they are able to use a computer, navigate... ... to produce 10 CDs the cost incurred was 266.49 which makes this an expensive resource to produce on a small scale. The modifications required to improve the resource package, could be completed in minimal time and negotiating a deal on having the package reproduced on a larger scale will reduce the cost. The benefit as a teaching and learning resource allows the students to complete independent study at their own pace, using a technology that they may not have regular access too it provides the teacher with an innovated way to communicate this subject. Vygotsky (1978) zone of proximal development, suggests learners can demonstrate and achieve their optimal potential when given some assistance cited in (Lajoie 2007 p. 29). I feel that the benefits out way the costs of producing this package and the feedback from the students would support this.

Man and Nature after the Fall in John Miltons Paradise Lost Essay

Man and Nature after the Fall in Paradise Lost In Paradise Lost, the consequences of the fall and the change in relations between man and nature can best be discussed when we look at Miltons pre-fall descriptions of paradise and its inhabitants. Believing that fallen humans could never fully ascertain what life was like in Eden and the relationships purely innocent beings shared, Milton begins his depiction of Paradise and Adam and eve through the fallen eyes of Satan So little k straight offs Any, but God alone, to value right The good before him, but perverts best things To worse abuse, or to thir meanest use. Beneath him with new wonder now he views To all delight of human sense exposd In narrow room Natures whole wealth, yea more, A Heaven on Earth for lucky Paradise Of God the Garden was, by him in the East Of Eden planted... (IV, 201-210) Milton presents a symbolic landscape, a garden that certainly was created by a manufacturing business power. Eden is fertile, andAll Trees of noblest kind for sight, smell taste (IV, 217) grow in abundance blooming with fruit. There are, mountains, hills, groves, a river, and other earthly delights. Adam and Eve live in this paradise and their job is to tend to the garden They sat them down, and after no more toil/ Of thir sweet Gardning labor then sufficd (IV, 27-28). Although Eden works harmoniously with Adam and Eve, allowing them to partake of its abundance, it also lives and thrives on its own. Eden has a mind and is a living being, it is excessive and therefore dangerous because it has the effectiveness to choke itself, to smother everything in its path. When Milton first describes Adam and Eve, they are one with the Garden... ...strust and breach Disloyal on the part of Man, revolt, And disobedience on the part of Heavn straightway alienated, distance and distaste... (PL. IX, 1-9) Works Cited and Consulted Elledge, Scott, ed. Paradise Lost An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism. Ne w York Norton, 1975. Fox, Robert C. The Allegory of Sin and Death in Paradise Lost. Modern Language quarterly 24 (1963) 354-64. Lewis, C. S. A Preface to Paradise Lost. Rpt. New York Oxford UP, 1979. Milton, John. Paradise Lost. In John Milton Complete Poems and Major Prose. Ed. Merritt Y. Hughes. Indianapolis 1980. OKeeffe, Timothy J. An Analogue to Miltons Sin and More on the Tradition. Milton Quarterly 5 (1971) 74-77. Patrick, John M. Milton, Phineas Fletcher, Spenser, and Ovid--Sin at Hells Gates. Notes and Queries Sept. 1956 384-86.

Why Is Race A Big Issue :: essays research papers fc

Why is Race A Big Issue?     The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is an incredible novel. It is hard to regard that people would protest against it, exactly they do. Mark Twain set his story twenty years before the Civil War, during the slave era. It is written just as everyone spoke at that time, using the word spade. This book uses the word a lot, which has upset many African-Americans. I believe that the word can be obscene, but in this book it is not. It only shows the reality of that time. I consider this book to be one of the greatest books I have read. It is actually inspired by Twains own experiences living on the Mississippi River. Many people consider Twain to have been a racist. Although he uses the word nigger, it does not mean that he was racist. If people would look past the word and actually see the story, they would realize that he is writing of a clear boy and a black man who run away and start a journey together. If Twain was such a racist, the n why does the story have the white boy and black man together? People think that he is racist just because he uses the word, but in that time, that is how people spoke. In flummox time, we depart not see a black slave working in a white persons home but we will hear the word in almost every rap song there is. Many people use the word, but they probably dont know where or why the word became what it is now. The word started out as Negro in the north, during that time but in the south, people put the southern dialect on the end and said nigger. I wish that people would look at this book as what it actually is, impressive. People cannot take into mental capacity that nigger was a word used every day at that time. I do not think that Twain was trying to hurt anyone, instead, I think he was trying show that a black man was just as equal to a white man. I think that in the book, Huck shows a lot of respect for Jim, even though Jim is black. Also, Huck became very close to him. In my opinion, if a black person takes being called nigger so hard from someone of a different